The farmlands as a key agricultural resource are a vital base for national crops and agricultural products quality. This assessment of farmlands quality is chiefly applied on agriculture and land policies. This paper by giving an introduction to the assessment history since 1949 and to the main types of farmlands quality, analyzes the major issues, presents that the assessment of farmlands quality shall comprehensively take into consideration the economy, policies and land pollution, which accordingly need to establish standards and dynamic assessment mechanism at different levels. The final assessments from the farmlands resources administration shall be shared by the public and be applied to make policies.